ANALISIS LC50 LOGAM Pb, Co dan Cr TERHADAP IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio. L) PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN KOTA PADANG

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the LC50 value of wastewater from printing industry in Padang and to analyze the effect of Pb, Co, and Cr contained in the wastewater towards LC50 value. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of the printing industry wastewater, Pb concentration of 0.3 mg/l, Cr 0.8 mg/l and Co 0.9 mg/l. These concentrations exceed the quality standards in Indonesia according to PermenLH No. 05 of 2014 on Wastewater Quality Standard. Acute toxicity test was conducted in 96 hours observation using common carp (Cyprinus carpio.L) as animal testing with two replications. The value of LC50 was calculated using Probit Method by processing the data of testing animal mortality. The average value of LC50 was 128.05%. It can be proven from this study that Pb, Co and Cr affected the LC50 value indicated that a higher LC50 is related to a Pb, Co and Cr higher concentrations in wastewater and vice versa.

Keywords: LC50, metals of printing industies, common carp, wastewater, Padang

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai LC50 dari limbah cair industri percetakan Kota Padang yang mengandung logam berat seperti timbal (Pb), kromium (Cr) dan kobalt (Co), terhadap ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.). Hasil analisis karakteristik limbah cair industri percetakan yakni konsentrasi Pb 0,3 mg/l, Cr 0,8 mg/l dan Co 0,9 mg/l. Konsentrasi ini melebihi baku mutu menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 05 Tahun 2014 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah, yakni Pb 0,1 mg/l, Cr 0,5 mg/l dan Co 0,4 mg/l. Uji toksisitas akut dilakukan dalam waktu 96 jam pengamatan terhadap ikan mas dengan dua kali pengulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai LC50 dengan menggunakan Metode Probit sebesar 128,05% dengan nilai LC50 untuk logam Pb yakni 0,38 mg/l, logam Cr 1,02 mg/l dan logam Co 1,15 mg/l. Analisis korelasi karakteristik limbah terhadap nilai LC bernilai r=0,98 yang berarti korelasi bernilai sangat kuat.

Kata Kunci: LC50, logam limbah cair industri percetakan, ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.), Padang