Email this article Potensi Tanaman Lokal Sebagai Agen Bioremediasi Merkuri (Hg) Pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Emas Di Sarolangun, Jambi
(1) Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Jambi, Jl. Lintas Sumatera Jl. Jambi - Muara Bulian No.Km. 15, Mendalo Darat, Jambi 36122
(2) Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jambi, Pondok Meja, Mestong, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi, 36361
(3) Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jambi, Pondok Meja, Mestong, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi, 36361
(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/dampak.18.1.11-16.2021
Copyright (c) 2023 Mahya Ihsan, Freddy Ilfan, Zuli Rodhiyah
Abstract
Mercury is one of toxic heavy metal and can be accumulated in human and animal’s bodies. The sources of mercury pollution are the natural sources and anthropogenic activities, like illegal gold mining. The aim of this study was finding potential indigeneous plants as agents in remediation process of ex-gold mining sites. It was conducted in Limun District, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi. The sampling location was 5-year-old ex-mining sites. It used purposive sampling method. Vegetation analysis was used to find out the dominant plants living in those. The measurement of mercury contamination was conducted in soil and plant using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Based on the survey results, there were 15 species of plants in the sampling sites. The 3-most dominant species were Phragmites sp., Melastoma sp., and Scleria sumatrana The INP value were 51,96; 41,78; and 21,93 respectively. Moreover, the value of BAC, TF, and BCF of Phragmites sp. were 0,1; 0,194; and 0,516 respectively, whilst those were 0,06; 0,25; and 0,26 for Melastoma sp. The same analysis was calculated for Scleria sumatrana, with BAC, TF, and BAF value as many as 0,076; 0,755; and 0,100 respectively. According to those, it could be concluded that Phragmites sp. had a better ability to remediate ex-gold mining sites compared to the others.
Keywords: Bioremediation, mercury, indigenous plants, PETI (Unlicensed Gold Mining)
ABSTRAK
Mercury adalah salah satu logam berat beracun yang dapat mengakumulasi di tubuh manusia dan hewan. Sumber polusi merkuri berasal dari sumber alami dan aktivitas antropogenik, seperti pertambangan emas ilegal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan tanaman asli potensial sebagai agen dalam proses remediasi situs bekas penambangan emas. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Limun, Kabupaten Sarolangun, Jambi. Lokasi pengambilan sampel adalah situs bekas penambangan emas berumur 5 tahun. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Analisis vegetasi digunakan untuk menentukan tanaman dominan yang hidup di area tersebut. Pengukuran kontaminasi merkuri dilakukan pada tanah dan tanaman menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Berdasarkan hasil survei, terdapat 15 spesies tanaman di lokasi pengambilan sampel. Tiga spesies yang paling dominan adalah Phragmites sp., Melastoma sp., dan Scleria sumatrana. Nilai INP masing-masing adalah 51,96; 41,78; dan 21,93. Selain itu, nilai BAC, TF, dan BCF dari Phragmites sp. adalah 0,1; 0,194; dan 0,516 secara berturut-turut, sedangkan nilai-nilai tersebut adalah 0,06; 0,25; dan 0,26 untuk Melastoma sp. Analisis yang sama dihitung untuk Scleria sumatrana, dengan nilai BAC, TF, dan BAF sebanyak 0,076; 0,755; dan 0,100 secara berturut-turut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Phragmites sp. memiliki kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam remediasi situs bekas penambangan emas dibandingkan dengan tanaman lainnya.
Kata Kunci: Bioremediasi, merkuri, tanaman lokal, PETI
Keywords
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